herbaceous plant

/(h)ərˌbeɪʃəs plænt/

Other forms: herbaceous plants

Definitions of herbaceous plant

1. noun

   a plant lacking a permanent woody stem; many are flowering garden plants or potherbs; some having medicinal properties; some are pests
   synonyms: herb

   types:

   Epimedium grandiflorum, barrenwort, bishop's hat

   slow-growing creeping plant with semi-evergreen leaves on erect wiry stems; used as ground cover

   May apple, Podophyllum peltatum, mayapple, wild mandrake

   North American herb with poisonous root stock and edible though insipid fruit

   butter-flower, buttercup, butterflower, crowfoot, goldcup, kingcup

   any of various plants of the genus Ranunculus

   Coptis groenlandica, Coptis trifolia groenlandica, golden thread, goldthread

   low-growing perennial of North America woodlands having trifoliate leaves and yellow rootstock and white flowers

   Eranthis hyemalis, winter aconite

   small Old World perennial herb grown for its bright yellow flowers which appear in early spring often before snow is gone

   hepatica, liverleaf

   any of several plants of the genus Hepatica having three-lobed leaves and white or pinkish flowers in early spring; of moist and mossy subalpine woodland areas of north temperate regions

   Hydrastis Canadensis, golden seal, goldenseal, turmeric root, yellow root

   perennial herb of northeastern United States having a thick knotted yellow rootstock and large rounded leaves

   Isopyrum biternatum, false rue, false rue anemone

   slender erect perennial of eastern North America having tuberous roots and pink-tinged white flowers; resembles meadow rue

   Laccopetalum giganteum, giant buttercup

   spectacular perennial native of wet montane grasslands of Peru; formerly included in genus Ranunculus

   Trautvetteria carolinensis, false bugbane

   tall perennial of the eastern United States having large basal leaves and white summer flowers

   globe flower, globeflower

   any of several plants of the genus Trollius having globose yellow flowers

   legume, leguminous plant

   an erect or climbing bean or pea plant of the family Leguminosae

   clover, trefoil

   a plant of the genus Trifolium

   Cape periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus, Madagascar periwinkle, Vinca rosea, cayenne jasmine, old maid, periwinkle, red periwinkle, rose periwinkle

   commonly cultivated Old World woody herb having large pinkish to red flowers

   aroid, arum

   any plant of the family Araceae; have small flowers massed on a spadix surrounded by a large spathe

   Panax ginseng, Panax pseudoginseng, Panax schinseng, ginseng, nin-sin

   Chinese herb with palmately compound leaves and small greenish flowers and forked aromatic roots believed to have medicinal powers

   American ginseng, Panax quinquefolius, sang

   North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng

   wild ginger

   low-growing perennial herb with pungent gingery leaves and rhizomes

   Asarum shuttleworthii, heart-leaf, heartleaf

   wild ginger having persistent heart-shaped pungent leaves; West Virginia to Alabama

   caryophyllaceous plant

   a plant of the family Caryophyllaceae

   chickweed, clammy chickweed, mouse ear, mouse eared chickweed, mouse-ear chickweed

   any of various plants related to the common chickweed

   drypis

   spiny-leaved perennial herb of southern Europe having terminal clusters of small flowers

   Illecebrum verticullatum, coral necklace

   glabrous annual with slender taproot and clusters of white flowers; western Europe especially western Mediterranean and Atlantic coastal areas

   chickweed

   any of various plants of the genus Stellaria

   New Zealand spinach, Tetragonia expansa, Tetragonia tetragonioides

   coarse sprawling Australasian plant with red or yellow flowers; cultivated for its edible young shoots and succulent leaves

   amaranth

   any of various plants of the genus Amaranthus having dense plumes of green or red flowers; often cultivated for food

   Amaranthus spinosus, thorny amaranth

   erect annual of tropical central Asia and Africa having a pair of divergent spines at most leaf nodes

   Celosia argentea, red fox

   weedy annual with spikes of silver-white flowers

   Celosia argentea cristata, Celosia cristata, cockscomb, common cockscomb

   garden annual with featherlike spikes of red or yellow flowers

   cottonweed

   any of various plants of the genus Froelichia found in sandy soils and on rocky slopes in warmer regions of America; grown for their spikes of woolly white flowers

   goosefoot

   any of various weeds of the genus Chenopodium having small greenish flowers

   orach, orache

   any of various herbaceous plants of the genus Atriplex that thrive in deserts and salt marshes

   Halogeton glomeratus, halogeton

   a coarse annual herb introduced into North America from Siberia; dangerous to sheep and cattle on western rangelands because of its high oxalate content

   Halogeton souda, barilla

   Algerian plant formerly burned to obtain calcium carbonate

   Salicornia europaea, glasswort, samphire

   fleshy maritime plant having fleshy stems with rudimentary scalelike leaves and small spikes of minute flowers; formerly used in making glass

   pokeweed

   perennial of the genus Phytolacca

   purslane

   a plant of the family Portulacaceae having fleshy succulent obovate leaves often grown as a potherb or salad herb; a weed in some areas

   rock purslane

   a plant of the genus Calandrinia

   Indian lettuce

   a plant of the genus Montia having edible pleasant-tasting leaves

   cleome, spiderflower

   any of various often strong-smelling plants of the genus Cleome having showy spider-shaped flowers

   Polanisia dodecandra, Polanisia graveolens, clammyweed

   strong-scented herb common in southern United States covered with intermixed gland and hairs

   crucifer, cruciferous plant

   any of various plants of the family Cruciferae

   stone cress, stonecress

   any Old World herb of the genus Aethionema; native of sunny limestone habitats

   Armoracia rusticana, horse radish, horseradish, red cole

   coarse Eurasian plant cultivated for its thick white pungent root

   Berteroa incana, hoary alison, hoary alyssum

   tall European annual with downy grey-green foliage and dense heads of small white flowers followed by hairy pods; naturalized in North America; sometimes a troublesome weed

   Cakile maritima, sea-rocket

   salt-tolerant seashore annual grown for its fragrant rose or violet flowers and fleshy grey-green foliage

   Crambe maritima, sea cole, sea kale

   perennial of coastal sands and shingles of northern Europe and Baltic and Black Seas having racemes of small white flowers and large fleshy blue-green leaves often used as potherbs

   Descurainia pinnata, tansy mustard

   North American herb with bitter-tasting pinnate leaves resembling those of tansy

   Diplotaxis muralis, Diplotaxis tenuifolia, wall rocket

   yellow-flowered European plant that grows on old walls and in waste places; an adventive weed in North America

   Diplotaxis erucoides, white rocket

   from Mediterranean region; a naturalized weed throughout southern Europe

   draba

   any of numerous low-growing cushion-forming plants of the genus Draba having rosette-forming leaves and terminal racemes of small flowers with scapose or leafy stems; fruit is a dehiscent oblong or linear silique

   Eruca sativa, Eruca vesicaria sativa, arugula, garden rocket, rocket, rocket salad, roquette

   any of several edible, leafy green plants of the mustard family, such as arugula, with a peppery or bitter taste

   Hugueninia tanacetifolia, Sisymbrium tanacetifolia, tansy-leaved rocket

   perennial stellate and hairy herb with small yellow flowers of mountains of southern Europe; sometimes placed in genus Sisymbrium

   woad

   any of several herbs of the genus Isatis

   bladderpod

   any of several hairy North American herbs having yellow racemose flowers and inflated pods

   Lunaria annua, honesty, money plant, satin flower, satinpod, silver dollar

   southeastern European plant cultivated for its fragrant purplish flowers and round flat papery silver-white seedpods that are used for indoor decoration

   bladderpod

   any of several plants of the genus Physaria having racemose yellow flowers and inflated pods

   Lepidium alpina, Pritzelago alpina, chamois cress

   small tufted perennial herb of mountains of central and southern Europe having very small flowers of usually leafless stems; sometimes placed in genus Lepidium

   Sisymbrium officinale, hedge mustard

   stiffly branching Old World annual with pale yellow flowers; widely naturalized in North America; formerly used medicinally

   fringepod, lacepod

   annual herb having pinnatifid basal leaves and slender racemes of small white flowers followed by one-seeded winged silicles

   bladderpod

   annual or perennial herbs with inflated seed pods; some placed in genus Lesquerella

   wasabi

   a Japanese plant of the family Cruciferae with a thick green root

   argemone, devil's fig, prickly poppy, white thistle

   any plant of the genus Argemone having large white or yellow flowers and prickly leaves and stems and pods; chiefly of tropical America

   Sanguinaria canadensis, bloodroot, puccoon, redroot, tetterwort

   perennial woodland native of North America having a red root and red sap and bearing a solitary lobed leaf and white flower in early spring and having acrid emetic properties; rootstock used as a stimulant and expectorant

   Fumaria officinalis, fumeroot, fumewort, fumitory

   delicate European herb with greyish leaves and spikes of purplish flowers; formerly used medicinally

   Dicentra spectabilis, bleeding heart, lyre-flower, lyreflower

   garden plant having deep-pink drooping heart-shaped flowers

   Dicentra cucullaria, Dutchman's breeches

   delicate spring-flowering plant of the eastern United States having white flowers with double spurs

   Dicentra canadensis, squirrel corn

   American plant with cream-colored flowers and tuberous roots resembling kernels of corn

   achillea

   any of several plants of the genus Achillea native to Europe and having small white flowers in flat-topped flower heads

   Ageratina altissima, Eupatorium rugosum, white sanicle, white snakeroot

   American herb having flat-topped clusters of small white flower heads; reputedly a cause of trembles and milk sickness; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium

   Anacyclus pyrethrum, pellitory, pellitory-of-Spain

   a small Mediterranean plant containing a volatile oil once used to relieve toothache

   andryala

   any plant of the genus Andryala having milky sap and heads of bright yellow flowers

   Antennaria plantaginifolia, ladies' tobacco, lady's tobacco

   North American perennial propagated by means of runners

   Antennaria dioica, cat's feet, cat's foot, pussytoes

   low-growing perennial herb having leaves with whitish down and clusters of small white flowers

   arnica

   any of various rhizomatous usually perennial plants of the genus Arnica

   Arnoseris minima, dwarf nipplewort, lamb succory

   small European herb with small yellow flowers

   Ayapana triplinervis, Eupatorium aya-pana, ayapana

   low spreading tropical American shrub with long slender leaves used to make a mildly stimulating drink resembling tea; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium

   balsamroot

   a plant of the genus Balsamorhiza having downy leaves in a basal rosette and yellow flowers and long balsam-scented taproots

   Indian plantain

   any of various plants of the genus Cacalia having leaves resembling those of plantain

   Carthamus tinctorius, false saffron, safflower

   thistlelike Eurasian plant widely grown for its red or orange flower heads and seeds that yield a valuable oil

   Anthemis nobilis, Chamaemelum nobilis, camomile, chamomile

   Eurasian plant with apple-scented foliage and white-rayed flowers and feathery leaves used medicinally; in some classification systems placed in genus Anthemis

   chaenactis

   any of several United States plants having long stalks of funnel-shaped white or yellow flowers

   Cichorium intybus, chicory, chicory plant, succory

   perennial Old World herb having rayed flower heads with blue florets cultivated for its root and its heads of crisp edible leaves used in salads

   Cichorium endivia, endive, witloof

   widely cultivated herb with leaves valued as salad green; either curly serrated leaves or broad flat ones that are usually blanched

   coreopsis, tick-weed, tickseed, tickweed

   any of numerous plants of the genus Coreopsis having a profusion of showy usually yellow daisylike flowers over long periods; North and South America

   leopard's-bane, leopardbane

   any of several herbs of the genus Doronicum having alternate often clasping stem leaves cultivated for their long stalks of yellow flower heads

   globe thistle

   any of various plants of the genus Echinops having prickly leaves and dense globose heads of bluish flowers

   elephant's-foot

   any plant of the genus Elephantopus having heads of blue or purple flowers; America

   Cacalia javanica, Cacalia lutea, Emilia coccinea, Emilia flammea, Emilia javanica, tassel flower

   tropical African annual having scarlet tassel-shaped flower heads; sometimes placed in genus Cacalia

   Emilia sagitta, tassel flower

   tropical Asiatic annual cultivated for its small tassel-shaped heads of scarlet flowers

   Eupatorium cannabinum, hemp agrimony

   coarse European herb with palmately divided leaves and clusters of small reddish-purple flower heads

   Eupatorium capillifolium, dog fennel

   weedy plant of southeastern United States having divided leaves and long clusters of greenish flowers

   Eupatorium maculatum, Joe-Pye weed, spotted Joe-Pye weed

   North American herb having whorled leaves and terminal clusters of small pinkish or purple flower heads

   Eupatorium perfoliatum, agueweed, boneset, thoroughwort

   perennial herb of southeastern United States having white-rayed flower heads; formerly used as in folk medicine

   Eupatorium purpureum, Joe-Pye weed, marsh milkweed, purple boneset, trumpet weed

   North American herb having whorled leaves and terminal clusters of flowers spotted with purple

   gum plant, gumweed, rosinweed, tarweed

   any of various western American plants of the genus Grindelia having resinous leaves and stems formerly used medicinally; often poisonous to livestock

   Haastia pulvinaris, sheep plant, vegetable sheep

   cushion-forming New Zealand herb having leaves densely covered with tawny hairs

   sneezeweed

   any of various plants of the genus Helenium characteristically causing sneezing

   hawkweed

   any of numerous often hairy plants of the genus Hieracium having yellow or orange flowers that resemble the dandelion

   Homogyne alpina, Tussilago alpina, alpine coltsfoot

   rhizomatous herb with purple-red flowers suitable for groundcover; sometimes placed in genus Tussilago

   inula

   any plant of the genus Inula

   krigia

   any small branched yellow-flowered North American herb of the genus Krigia

   lettuce

   any of various plants of the genus Lactuca

   leopard plant

   any of various plants of temperate Eurasia; grown for their yellow flowers and handsome foliage

   tarweed

   any of various resinous glandular plants of the genus Madia; of western North and South America

   German chamomile, Matricaria chamomilla, Matricaria recutita, sweet false chamomile, wild chamomile

   annual Eurasian herb similar in fragrance and medicinal uses to chamomile though taste is more bitter and effect is considered inferior

   Matricaria matricarioides, pineapple weed, rayless chamomile

   annual aromatic weed of Pacific coastal areas (United States and northeastern Asia) having bristle-pointed leaves and rayless yellow flowers

   rattlesnake root

   a plant of the genus Nabalus

   Nabalus serpentarius, Prenanthes serpentaria, gall of the earth, lion's foot

   common perennial herb widely distributed in the southern and eastern United States having drooping clusters of pinkish flowers and thick basal leaves suggesting a lion's foot in shape; sometimes placed in genus Prenanthes

   butterweed

   any of several yellow-flowered plants of the genus Packera; often placed in genus Senecio

   Packera aurea, Senecio aureus, golden groundsel, golden ragwort

   weedy herb of the eastern United States to Texas having golden-yellow flowers; sometimes becomes invasive; sometimes placed in genus Senecio

   Petasites hybridus, Petasites vulgaris, bog rhubarb, butterbur

   small Eurasian herb having broad leaves and lilac-pink rayless flowers; found in moist areas

   Petasites fragrans, sweet coltsfoot, winter heliotrope

   European herb with vanilla-scented white-pink flowers

   Petasites sagitattus, sweet coltsfoot

   American sweet-scented herb

   hawkweed

   any of various plants of the genus Pilosella

   stevia

   any plant of the genus Piqueria or the closely related genus Stevia

   Prenanthes purpurea, rattlesnake root

   herb of central and southern Europe having purple florets

   Pteropogon humboltianum, pteropogon

   southern Australian plant having feathery hairs surrounding the fruit

   Pulicaria dysenterica, feabane mullet, fleabane

   hairy perennial Eurasian herb with yellow daisylike flowers reputed to destroy or drive away fleas

   Raoulia australis, Raoulia lutescens, sheep plant, vegetable sheep

   perennial prostrate mat-forming herb with hoary woolly foliage

   Sanvitalia procumbens, creeping zinnia

   low-branching leafy annual with flower heads resembling zinnias; found in southwestern United States and Mexico to Guatemala

   Saussurea costus, Saussurea lappa, costusroot

   annual herb of the eastern Himalayas (Kashmir) having purple florets and a fragrant root that yields a volatile oil used in perfumery and for preserving furs

   Scorzonera hispanica, black salsify, scorzonera, viper's grass

   perennial south European herb having narrow entire leaves and solitary yellow flower heads and long black edible roots shaped like carrots

   Serratula tinctoria, sawwort

   European perennial whose serrate leaves yield a yellow dye

   Our Lady's mild thistle, Silybum marianum, blessed thistle, holy thistle, lady's thistle, milk thistle

   tall Old World biennial thistle with large clasping white-blotched leaves and purple flower heads; naturalized in California and South America

   stevia

   any plant of the genus Stevia or the closely related genus Piqueria having glutinous foliage and white or purplish flowers; Central and South America

   Chrysanthemum balsamita, Tanacetum balsamita, alecost, balsam herb, bible leaf, costmary, mint geranium

   tansy-scented Eurasian perennial herb with buttonlike yellow flowers; used as potherb or salad green and sometimes for potpourri or tea or flavoring; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum

   Tanacetum camphoratum, camphor dune tansy

   densely hairy plant with rayless flowers; San Francisco Bay area

   Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium, Dalmatia pyrethrum, Dalmatian pyrethrum, Tanacetum cinerariifolium, pyrethrum

   white-flowered pyrethrum of Balkan area whose pinnate leaves are white and silky-hairy below; source of an insecticide; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum

   Chrysanthemum parthenium, Tanacetum parthenium, feverfew

   bushy aromatic European perennial herb having clusters of buttonlike white-rayed flower heads; valued traditionally for medicinal uses; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum

   blowball, dandelion

   any of several herbs of the genus Taraxacum having long tap roots and deeply notched leaves and bright yellow flowers followed by fluffy seed balls

   Tragopogon porrifolius, oyster plant, salsify, vegetable oyster

   Mediterranean biennial herb with long-stemmed heads of purple ray flowers and milky sap and long edible root; naturalized throughout United States

   Trilisa odoratissima, wild vanilla

   perennial of southeastern United States with leaves having the fragrance of vanilla

   Matricaria inodorum, Tripleurospermum inodorum, corn mayweed, scentless camomile, scentless false camomile, scentless hayweed, scentless mayweed

   ubiquitous European annual weed with white flowers and finely divided leaves naturalized and sometimes cultivated in eastern North America; sometimes included in genus Matricaria

   Matricaria oreades, Tripleurospermum oreades tchihatchewii, turfing daisy

   mat-forming perennial herb of Asia Minor; sometimes included in genus Matricaria

   Matricaria tchihatchewii, Tripleurospermum tchihatchewii, turfing daisy

   low densely tufted perennial herb of Turkey having small white flowers; used as a ground cover in dry places; sometimes included in genus Matricaria

   Tussilago farfara, coltsfoot

   perennial herb with large rounded leaves resembling a colt's foot and yellow flowers appearing before the leaves do; native to Europe but now nearly cosmopolitan; used medicinally especially formerly

   ironweed, vernonia

   any of various plants of the genus Vernonia of tropical and warm regions of especially North America that take their name from their loose heads of purple to rose flowers that quickly take on a rusty hue

   loasa

   any of various perennial South American plants of the genus Loasa having stinging hairs and showy white or yellow or reddish-orange flowers

   bellflower, campanula

   any of various plants of the genus Campanula having blue or white bell-shaped flowers

   primrose, primula

   any of numerous short-stemmed plants of the genus Primula having tufted basal leaves and showy flowers clustered in umbels or heads

   pimpernel

   any of several plants of the genus Anagallis

   Glaux maritima, black saltwort, sea milkwort, sea trifoly

   a small fleshy herb common along North American seashores and in brackish marshes having pink or white flowers

   loosestrife

   any of various herbs and subshrubs of the genus Lysimachia

   plumbago

   any plumbaginaceous plant of the genus Plumbago

   graminaceous plant, gramineous plant

   cosmopolitan herbaceous or woody plants with hollow jointed stems and long narrow leaves

   herbage, pasturage

   succulent herbaceous vegetation of pasture land

   bur reed

   marsh plant having elongated linear leaves and round prickly fruit

   lobelia

   any plant or flower of the genus Lobelia

   Abelmoschus esculentus, Hibiscus esculentus, gumbo, lady's-finger, okra, okra plant

   tall coarse annual of Old World tropics widely cultivated in southern United States and West Indies for its long mucilaginous green pods used as basis for soups and stews; sometimes placed in genus Hibiscus

   vegetable

   any of various herbaceous plants cultivated for an edible part such as the fruit or the root of the beet or the leaf of spinach or the seeds of bean plants or the flower buds of broccoli or cauliflower

   simple

   any herbaceous plant having medicinal properties

   Galax urceolata, beetleweed, coltsfoot, galax, galaxy, wandflower

   tufted evergreen perennial herb having spikes of tiny white flowers and glossy green round to heart-shaped leaves that become coppery to maroon or purplish in fall

   pyrola, wintergreen

   any of several evergreen perennials of the genus Pyrola

   pipsissewa, prince's pine

   any of several plants of the genus Chimaphila

   Moneses uniflora, Pyrola uniflora, one-flowered pyrola, one-flowered wintergreen

   delicate evergreen dwarf herb of north temperate regions having a solitary white terminal flower; sometimes placed in genus Pyrola

   American columbo, American gentian, columbo, deer's-ear, deer's-ears, pyramid plant

   any of various tall perennial herbs constituting the genus Frasera; widely distributed in warm dry upland areas of California, Oregon, and Washington

   Frasera speciosa, Swertia speciosa, green gentian

   tall herb with panicles of white flowers flushed with green; northwestern United States; sometimes placed in genus Swertia

   Swertia perennia, marsh felwort

   perennial of damp places in mountains of Eurasia and North America having dull-colored blue or violet flowers

   bloodwort

   any of various plants of the family Haemodoraceae; roots contain a deep red coloring matter

   Anigozanthus manglesii, Australian sword lily, kangaroo paw, kangaroo's paw, kangaroo's-foot, kangaroo-foot plant

   sedgelike spring-flowering herb having clustered flowers covered with woolly hairs; Australia

   willowherb

   a plant of the genus Epilobium having pink or yellow flowers and seeds with silky hairs

   evening primrose

   any of several plants of the family Onagraceae

   canna

   any plant of the genus Canna having large sheathing leaves and clusters of large showy flowers

   maranta

   any of numerous herbs of the genus Maranta having tuberous starchy roots and large sheathing leaves

   banana, banana tree

   any of several tropical and subtropical treelike herbs of the genus Musa having a terminal crown of large entire leaves and usually bearing hanging clusters of elongated fruits

   Abyssinian banana, Ensete ventricosum, Ethiopian banana, Musa ensete

   large evergreen arborescent herb having huge paddle-shaped leaves and bearing inedible fruit that resemble bananas but edible young flower shoots; sometimes placed in genus Musa

   Strelitzia reginae, bird of paradise

   ornamental plant of tropical South Africa and South America having stalks of orange and purplish-blue flowers resembling a bird

   ginger

   perennial plants having thick branching aromatic rhizomes and leafy reedlike stems

   Curcuma domestica, Curcuma longa, turmeric

   widely cultivated tropical plant of India having yellow flowers and a large aromatic deep yellow rhizome; source of a condiment and a yellow dye

   Aframomum melegueta, Guinea grains, Guinea pepper, grains of paradise, melagueta pepper

   West African plant bearing pungent peppery seeds

   Elettaria cardamomum, cardamom, cardamon

   rhizomatous herb of India having aromatic seeds used as seasoning

   reseda

   any plant of the genus Reseda

   viola

   any of the numerous plants of the genus Viola

   bog hemp, false nettle

   any of several flowering weeds of the genus Boehmeria lacking stinging hairs

   Parietaria difussa, pellitory, pellitory-of-the-wall, wall pellitory

   herb that grows in crevices having long narrow leaves and small pink apetalous flowers

   flame flower, flame-flower, flameflower, kniphofia, tritoma

   a plant of the genus Kniphofia having long grasslike leaves and tall scapes of red or yellow drooping flowers

   Asparagus officinales, asparagus, edible asparagus

   plant whose succulent young shoots are cooked and eaten as a vegetable

   Asparagus plumosus, Asparagus setaceous, asparagus fern

   a fernlike plant native to South Africa

   Aspidistra elatio, aspidistra, bar-room plant, cast-iron plant

   evergreen perennial with large handsome basal leaves; grown primarily as a foliage houseplant

   Bowiea volubilis, climbing onion

   much-branched leafless twining South African herb cultivated as an ornamental for its bright green stems growing from large aboveground bulbs

   day lily, plantain lily

   any of numerous perennials having mounds of sumptuous broad ribbed leaves and clusters of white, blue, or lilac flowers; used as ground cover

   Paris quadrifolia, herb Paris

   European herb with yellow-green flowers resembling and closely related to the trilliums; reputed to be poisonous

   Indian arrowroot, Tacca leontopetaloides, Tacca pinnatifida, pia

   perennial herb of East Indies to Polynesia and Australia; cultivated for its large edible root yielding Otaheite arrowroot starch

   flax

   plant of the genus Linum that is cultivated for its seeds and for the fibers of its stem

   Cassia marilandica, Senna marilandica, wild senna

   North American perennial herb; leaves are used medicinally; sometimes placed in genus Cassia

   Anthyllis vulneraria, kidney vetch

   perennial Eurasian herb having heads of red or yellow flowers and common in meadows and pastures; formerly used medicinally for kidney disorders

   crotalaria, rattlebox

   any of various plants of the genus Crotalaria having inflated pods within which the seeds rattle; used for pasture and green-manure crops

   Desmanthus ilinoensis, prairie mimosa, prickle-weed

   perennial herb of North American prairies having dense heads of small white flowers

   Galega officinalis, goat rue, goat's rue

   tall bushy European perennial grown for its pinnate foliage and slender spikes of blue flowers; sometimes used medicinally

   Glycyrrhiza glabra, licorice, liquorice

   deep-rooted coarse-textured plant native to the Mediterranean region having blue flowers and pinnately compound leaves; widely cultivated in Europe for its long thick sweet roots

   American licorice, American liquorice, Glycyrrhiza lepidota, wild licorice, wild liquorice

   North American plant similar to true licorice and having a root with similar properties

   Lotus tetragonolobus, asparagus pea, winged pea

   sprawling European annual having a 4-winged edible pod

   medic, medick, trefoil

   any of several Old World herbs of the genus Medicago having small flowers and trifoliate compound leaves

   Onobrychis viciaefolia, Onobrychis viciifolia, esparcet, holy clover, sainfoin, sanfoin

   Eurasian perennial herb having pale pink flowers and curved pods; naturalized in Britain and North America grasslands on calcareous soils; important forage crop and source of honey in Britain

   Parochetus communis, shamrock pea

   trailing trifoliate Asiatic and African herb having cobalt blue flowers

   Indian breadroot, Psoralea esculenta, breadroot, pomme blanche, pomme de prairie

   densely hairy perennial of central North America having edible tuberous roots

   bush pea

   any of various plants of the genus Thermopsis having trifoliate leaves and yellow or purple racemose flowers

   Trigonella ornithopodioides, bird's foot trefoil

   Old World herb related to fenugreek

   Greek clover, Trigonella foenumgraecum, fenugreek

   annual herb or southern Europe and eastern Asia having off-white flowers and aromatic seeds used medicinally and in curry

   plantain

   any of numerous plants of the genus Plantago; mostly small roadside or dooryard weeds with elliptic leaves and small spikes of very small flowers; seeds of some used medicinally

   Fagopyrum esculentum, Polygonum fagopyrum, buckwheat

   a member of the genus Fagopyrum; annual Asian plant with clusters of small pinkish white flowers and small edible triangular seeds which are used whole or ground into flour

   rhubarb, rhubarb plant

   plants having long green or reddish acidic leafstalks growing in basal clumps; stems (and only the stems) are edible when cooked; leaves are poisonous

   dock, sorrel, sour grass

   any of certain coarse weedy plants with long taproots, sometimes used as table greens or in folk medicine

   dayflower, spiderwort

   any plant of the family Commelinaceae

   Ananas comosus, pineapple, pineapple plant

   a tropical American plant bearing a large fleshy edible fruit with a terminal tuft of stiff leaves; widely cultivated in the tropics

   agrimonia, agrimony

   a plant of the genus Agrimonia having spikelike clusters of small yellow flowers

   strawberry

   any of various low perennial herbs with many runners and bearing white flowers followed by edible fruits having many small achenes scattered on the surface of an enlarged red pulpy berry

   Poterium sanguisorba, burnet bloodwort, pimpernel, salad burnet

   European garden herb with purple-tinged flowers and leaves that are sometimes used for salads

   bedstraw

   any of several plants of the genus Galium

   Triostium perfoliatum, feverroot, horse gentian, tinker's root, wild coffee

   coarse weedy American perennial herb with large usually perfoliate leaves and purple or dull red flowers

   teasel, teasle, teazel

   any of several herbs of the genus Dipsacus native to the Old World having flower heads surrounded by spiny bracts

   Impatiens capensis, celandine, jewelweed, lady's earrings, orange balsam, touch-me-not

   North American annual plant with usually yellow or orange flowers; grows chiefly on wet rather acid soil

   geranium

   any of numerous plants of the family Geraniaceae

   oxalis, sorrel, wood sorrel

   any plant or flower of the genus Oxalis

   Ruta graveolens, herb of grace, rue

   European strong-scented perennial herb with grey-green bitter-tasting leaves; an irritant similar to poison ivy

   Dictamnus alba, burning bush, dittany, fraxinella, gas plant

   Eurasian perennial herb with white flowers that emit flammable vapor in hot weather

   nasturtium

   any tropical American plant of the genus Tropaeolum having pungent juice and long-spurred yellow to red flowers

   carnivorous plant

   plants adapted to attract and capture and digest primarily insects but also other small animals

   Australian pitcher plant, Cephalotus follicularis

   a carnivorous perennial herb having a green pitcher and hinged lid both with red edges; western Australia

   sedum

   any of various plants of the genus Sedum

   breakstone, rockfoil, saxifrage

   any of various plants of the genus Saxifraga

   astilbe

   any plant of the genus Astilbe having compound leaves and showy panicles of tiny colorful flowers

   bergenia

   any plant of the genus Bergenia; valued as an evergreen ground cover and for the spring blossoms

   Darmera peltata, Indian rhubarb, Peltiphyllum peltatum, umbrella plant

   rhizomatous perennial herb with large dramatic peltate leaves and white to bright pink flowers in round heads on leafless stems; colonizes stream banks in the Sierra Nevada in California

   alumbloom, alumroot

   any of several herbs of the genus Heuchera

   bishop's cap, miterwort, mitrewort

   any of various rhizomatous perennial herbs of the genus Mitella having a capsule resembling a bishop's miter

   suksdorfia

   any of several American plants of the genus Suksdorfia having orbicular to kidney-shaped somewhat succulent leaves and white or rose or violet flowers in terminal panicles

   Tiarella cordifolia, coolwart, false miterwort, false mitrewort, foamflower

   stoloniferous white-flowered spring-blooming woodland plant

   Tolmiea menziesii, pickaback plant, piggyback plant, youth-on-age

   vigorous perennial herb with flowers in erect racemes and having young plants develop at the junction of a leaf blade and the leafstalk

   polemonium

   any plant of the genus Polemonium; most are low-growing often foul-smelling plants of temperate to Arctic regions

   phlox

   any polemoniaceous plant of the genus Phlox; chiefly North American; cultivated for their clusters of flowers

   acanthus

   any plant of the genus Acanthus having large spiny leaves and spikes or white or purplish flowers; native to Mediterranean region but widely cultivated

   Borago officinalis, borage, tailwort

   hairy blue-flowered European annual herb long used in herbal medicine and eaten raw as salad greens or cooked like spinach

   Amsinckia intermedia, common amsinckia

   annual of western United States with coiled spikes of yellow-orange coiled flowers

   Amsinckia grandiflora, large-flowered fiddleneck

   annual of the western United States having large coiled flower spikes; a threatened species

   anchusa

   any of various Old World herbs of the genus Anchusa having one-sided clusters of trumpet-shaped flowers

   Chinese forget-me-not, Cynoglossum amabile

   biennial east Asian herb grown for its usually bright blue flowers

   Cynoglossum officinale, hound's-tongue

   biennial shrub of Europe and western Asia having coarse tongue-shaped leaves and dark reddish-purple flowers

   Cynoglossum virginaticum, hound's-tongue

   perennial shrub of North America having coarse tongue-shaped leaves and pale-blue to purple flowers

   Echium vulgare, blue devil, blue thistle, blueweed, viper's bugloss

   a coarse prickly European weed with spikes of blue flowers; naturalized in United States

   stickweed

   any of several herbaceous plants having seeds that cling to clothing

   Lithospermum officinale, gromwell

   European perennial branching plant; occurs in hedgerows and at the edge of woodlands

   Lithospermum caroliniense, puccoon

   perennial plant of eastern North America having hairy foliage yielding a red or yellow pigment

   Indian paint, Lithospermum canescens, hoary puccoon

   perennial North American plant with greyish hairy foliage yielding a red or yellow pigment

   Mertensia virginica, Virginia bluebell, Virginia cowslip

   smooth erect herb of eastern North America having entire leaves and showy blue flowers that are pink in bud

   Myosotis sylvatica, garden forget-me-not

   small biennial to perennial herb of Europe, northern Africa and western Asia having blue, purple or white flowers

   Myosotis scorpiodes, forget-me-not, mouse ear

   small perennial herb having bright blue or white flowers

   false gromwell

   any of several North American perennial herbs with hairy foliage and small yellowish or greenish flowers

   comfrey, cumfrey

   perennial herbs of Europe and Iran; make rapidly growing groundcover for shaded areas

   gesneria

   any plant of the genus Gesneria

   waterleaf

   any of several plants of the genus Hydrophyllum

   California yellow bells, Emmanthe penduliflora, whispering bells, yellow bells

   viscid herb of arid or desert habitats of southwestern United States having pendulous yellow flowers

   nemophila

   any plant of the genus Nemophila

   Nemophila menziesii, baby blue-eyes

   delicate California annual having blue flowers marked with dark spots

   Nemophila aurita, Pholistoma auritum, fiesta flower

   straggling California annual herb with deep purple or violet flowers; sometimes placed in genus Nemophila

   Acinos arvensis, Satureja acinos, basil balm, basil thyme, mother of thyme

   fragrant European mint having clusters of small violet-and-white flowers; naturalized especially in eastern North America

   giant hyssop

   any of a number of aromatic plants of the genus Agastache

   bugle, bugleweed

   any of various low-growing annual or perennial evergreen herbs native to Eurasia; used for ground cover

   Ballota nigra, black archangel, black horehound, fetid horehound, stinking horehound

   ill-smelling European herb with rugose leaves and whorls of dark purple flowers

   wood mint

   American herb of genus Blephilia with more or less hairy leaves and clusters of purplish or bluish flowers

   calamint

   perennial aromatic herbs growing in hedgerows or scrub or open woodlands from western Europe to central Asia and in North America

   Clinopodium vulgare, Satureja vulgaris, cushion calamint, wild basil

   aromatic herb having heads of small pink or whitish flowers; widely distributed in United States, Europe and Asia

   Collinsonia canadensis, horse balm, horseweed, richweed, stone root, stone-root, stoneroot

   erect perennial strong-scented with serrate pointed leaves and a loose panicle of yellowish flowers; the eastern United States

   coleus, flame nettle

   any of various Old World tropical plants of the genus Coleus having multicolored decorative leaves and spikes of blue flowers

   Dracocephalum parviflorum, dragon's head, dragonhead

   American herb having sharply serrate lanceolate leaves and spikes of blue to violet flowers

   elsholtzia

   any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Elsholtzia having blue or purple flowers in one-sided spikes

   Galeopsis tetrahit, dead nettle, hemp nettle

   coarse bristly Eurasian plant with white or reddish flowers and foliage resembling that of a nettle; common as a weed in United States

   American pennyroyal, Hedeoma pulegioides, pennyroyal

   erect hairy branching American herb having purple-blue flowers; yields an essential oil used as an insect repellent and sometimes in folk medicine

   Hyssopus officinalis, hyssop

   a European mint with aromatic and pungent leaves used in perfumery and as a seasoning in cookery; often cultivated as a remedy for bruises; yields hyssop oil

   dead nettle

   any of various plants of the genus Lamium having clusters of small usually purplish flowers with two lips

   Cape dagga, Leonotis leonurus, dagga, red dagga, wilde dagga

   relatively nontoxic South African herb smoked like tobacco

   Leonotis nepetaefolia, Leonotis nepetifolia, lion's-ear

   pantropical herb having whorls of striking lipped flowers; naturalized in United States

   Leonurus cardiaca, motherwort

   bitter Old World herb of hedgerows and woodland margins having toothed leaves and white or pale pink flowers

   Lycopus virginicus, bugleweed

   a mildly narcotic and astringent aromatic herb having small whitish flowers; eastern United States

   Lycopus americanus, water horehound

   aromatic perennial herb of United States

   Lycopus europaeus, gipsywort, gypsywort

   hairy Eurasian herb with two-lipped white flowers

   origanum

   any of various fragrant aromatic herbs of the genus Origanum used as seasonings

   horehound

   any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Marrubium

   Melissa officinalis, bee balm, beebalm, garden balm, lemon balm, sweet balm

   bushy perennial Old World mint having small white or yellowish flowers and fragrant lemon-flavored leaves; a garden escapee in northern Europe and North America

   mint

   any north temperate plant of the genus Mentha with aromatic leaves and small mauve flowers

   Micromeria chamissonis, Micromeria douglasii, Satureja douglasii, yerba buena

   trailing perennial evergreen herb of northwestern United States with small white flowers; used medicinally

   Micromeria juliana, savory

   dwarf aromatic shrub of Mediterranean regions

   Molucella laevis, bells of Ireland, molucca balm

   aromatic annual with a tall stems of small whitish flowers enclosed in a greatly enlarged saucer-shaped or bell-shaped calyx

   monarda, wild bergamot

   any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Monarda

   Monardella lanceolata, mustang mint

   fragrant California annual herb having lanceolate leaves and clusters of rose-purple flowers

   Nepeta cataria, catmint, catnip

   hairy aromatic perennial herb having whorls of small white purple-spotted flowers in a terminal spike; used in the past as a domestic remedy; strongly attractive to cats

   basil

   any of several Old World tropical aromatic annual or perennial herbs of the genus Ocimum

   Perilla frutescens crispa, beefsteak plant

   plant grown for its ornamental red or purple foliage

   physostegia

   any of various plants of the genus Physostegia having sessile linear to oblong leaves and showy white or rose or lavender flowers

   Prunella vulgaris, heal all, self-heal

   decumbent blue-flowered European perennial thought to possess healing properties; naturalized throughout North America

   mountain mint

   any of a number of perennial herbs of the genus Pycnanthemum; eastern North America and California

   Rosmarinus officinalis, rosemary

   widely cultivated for its fragrant grey-green leaves used in cooking and in perfumery

   sage, salvia

   any of various plants of the genus Salvia; a cosmopolitan herb

   savory

   any of several aromatic herbs or subshrubs of the genus Satureja having spikes of flowers attractive to bees

   helmetflower, skullcap

   a herbaceous plant of the genus Scutellaria which has a calyx that, when inverted, resembles a helmet with its visor raised

   Scutellaria lateriflora, blue pimpernel, blue skullcap, mad-dog skullcap, mad-dog weed

   an American mint that yields a resinous exudate used especially formerly as an antispasmodic

   Stachys sylvatica, dead nettle, hedge nettle

   foul-smelling perennial Eurasiatic herb with a green creeping rhizome

   Stachys palustris, hedge nettle

   perennial herb with an odorless rhizome widespread in moist places in northern hemisphere

   thyme

   any of various mints of the genus Thymus

   Martynia annua, martynia

   sprawling annual or perennial herb of Central America and West Indies having creamy-white to red-purple bell-shaped flowers followed by unusual horned fruit

   Sesamum indicum, benne, benni, benny, sesame

   East Indian annual erect herb; source of sesame seed or benniseed and sesame oil

   Proboscidea louisianica, common devil's claw, common unicorn plant, devil's claw, elephant-tusk, proboscis flower, ram's horn

   annual of southern United States to Mexico having large whitish or yellowish flowers mottled with purple and a long curving beak

   Martynia arenaria, Proboscidea arenaria, sand devil's claw

   alternatively placed in genus Martynia

   Martynia fragrans, Proboscidea fragrans, sweet unicorn plant

   a herbaceous plant of the genus Proboscidea

   Aureolaria pedicularia, Gerardia pedicularia, false foxglove

   multi-stemmed North American annual having solitary axillary dark golden-yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia

   Aureolaria virginica, Gerardia virginica, false foxglove

   sparsely branched North American perennial with terminal racemes of bright yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia

   digitalis, foxglove

   any of several plants of the genus Digitalis

   flannel leaf, mullein, velvet plant

   any of various plants of the genus Verbascum having large usually woolly leaves and terminal spikes of yellow or white or purplish flowers

   Solanum melongena, aubergine, brinjal, eggplant, eggplant bush, garden egg, mad apple

   hairy upright herb native to southeastern Asia but widely cultivated for its large glossy edible fruit commonly used as a vegetable

   Atropa belladonna, belladonna, belladonna plant, deadly nightshade

   perennial Eurasian herb with reddish bell-shaped flowers and shining black berries; extensively grown in United States; roots and leaves yield atropine

   Hyoscyamus niger, black henbane, henbane, stinking nightshade

   poisonous fetid Old World herb having sticky hairy leaves and yellow-brown flowers; yields hyoscyamine and scopolamine

   Egyptian henbane, Hyoscyamus muticus

   poisonous herb whose leaves are a source of hyoscyamine

   Lycopersicon esculentum, love apple, tomato, tomato plant

   native to South America; widely cultivated in many varieties

   Mandragora officinarum, devil's apples, mandrake

   a plant of southern Europe and North Africa having purple flowers, yellow fruits and a forked root formerly thought to have magical powers

   Nicandra physaloides, apple of Peru, shoo fly

   coarse South American herb grown for its blue-and-white flowers followed by a bladderlike fruit enclosing a dry berry

   tobacco, tobacco plant

   aromatic annual or perennial herbs and shrubs

   cupflower, nierembergia

   any of various plants of the genus Nierembergia having upturned bell-shaped flowers

   ground cherry, husk tomato

   any of numerous cosmopolitan annual or perennial herbs of the genus Physalis bearing edible fleshy berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk; some cultivated for their flowers

   salpiglossis

   any plant of the genus Salpiglossis

   Scopolia carniolica

   herb that is a source of scopolamine

   Mercurialis annua, boys-and-girls, herb mercury, herbs mercury

   Eurafrican annual naturalized in America as a weed; formerly dried for use as a purgative, diuretic or antisyphilitic

   Mercurialis perennis, dog mercury, dog's mercury

   European perennial weedy plant with greenish flowers

   Cnidoscolus urens, Jatropha stimulosus, Jatropha urens, devil nettle, pica-pica, spurge nettle, tread-softly

   a stinging herb of tropical America

   umbellifer, umbelliferous plant

   any of numerous aromatic herbs of the family Umbelliferae

   Anethum graveolens, dill

   aromatic Old World herb having aromatic threadlike foliage and seeds used as seasoning

   angelica, angelique

   any of various tall and stout herbs of the genus Angelica having pinnately compound leaves and small white or greenish flowers in compound umbels

   Anthriscus cereifolium, beaked parsley, chervil

   aromatic annual Old World herb cultivated for its finely divided and often curly leaves for use especially in soups and salads

   Anthriscus sylvestris, cow parsley, wild chervil

   coarse erect biennial Old World herb introduced as a weed in eastern North America

   Apium graveolens, wild celery

   herb of Europe and temperate Asia

   Apium graveolens dulce, celery, cultivated celery

   widely cultivated herb with aromatic leaf stalks that are eaten raw or cooked

   Apium graveolens rapaceum, celeriac, celery root, knob celery, root celery, turnip-rooted celery

   grown for its thickened edible aromatic root

   astrantia, masterwort

   any plant of the genus Astrantia

   Carum carvi, caraway

   a Eurasian plant with small white flowers yielding caraway seed

   Conopodium denudatum, earthnut

   a common European plant having edible tubers with the flavor of roasted chestnuts

   Chinese parsley, Coriandrum sativum, cilantro, coriander, coriander plant

   Old World herb with aromatic leaves and seed resembling parsley

   Cuminum cyminum, cumin

   dwarf Mediterranean annual long cultivated for its aromatic seeds

   Daucus carota sativa, carrot, cultivated carrot

   perennial plant widely cultivated as an annual in many varieties for its long conical orange edible roots; temperate and tropical regions

   Eryngium aquaticum, button snakeroot

   coarse prickly perennial eryngo with aromatic roots; southeastern United States; often confused with rattlesnake master

   fennel

   any of several aromatic herbs having edible seeds and leaves and stems

   Heracleum sphondylium, cow parsnip, hogweed

   tall coarse plant having thick stems and cluster of white to purple flowers

   Levisticum officinale, lovage

   herb native to southern Europe; cultivated for its edible stalks and foliage and seeds

   Myrrhis odorata, sweet cicely

   European herb with soft ferny leaves and white flowers

   Pastinaca sativa, parsnip

   a strong-scented plant cultivated for its edible root

   Petroselinum crispum, parsley

   annual or perennial herb with aromatic leaves

   Pimpinella anisum, anise, anise plant

   native to Egypt but cultivated widely for its aromatic seeds and the oil from them used medicinally and as a flavoring in cookery

   sanicle, snakeroot

   a plant of the genus Sanicula having palmately compound leaves and unisexual flowers in panicled umbels followed by bristly fruit; reputed to have healing powers

   moon carrot, stone parsley

   any plant of the genus Seseli having dense umbels of small white or pink flowers and finely divided foliage

   Sison amomum, stone parsley

   a slender roadside herb of western Europe and Mediterranean areas that has foliage resembling parsley and has white flowers with aromatic seeds

   Alexander, Alexanders, Smyrnium olusatrum, black lovage, horse parsley

   European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb

   corn salad

   a plant of the genus Valerianella

   wort

   usually used in combination: `liverwort'; `milkwort'; `whorlywort'

   peperomia

   any of various plants of the genus Peperomia; grown primarily for their often succulent foliage

   Anemopsis californica, yerba mansa

   stoloniferous herb of southwestern United States and Mexico having a pungent rootstock and small spicate flowers with white bracts suggesting an anemone

   asclepiad

   any plant of the family Asclepiadaceae

   milkweed, silkweed

   any of numerous plants of the genus Asclepias having milky juice and pods that split open releasing seeds with downy tufts

   carrion flower, stapelia, starfish flower

   any of various plants of the genus Stapelia having succulent leafless toothed stems resembling cacti and large foul-smelling (often star-shaped) flowers

   Ranunculus acris, meadow buttercup, tall buttercup, tall crowfoot, tall field buttercup

   perennial European buttercup with yellow spring flowers widely naturalized especially in eastern North America

   Ranunculus bulbosus, common buttercup

   perennial Old World buttercup with golden to sulphur yellow flowers in late spring to early summer; naturalized in North America

   Mount Cook lily, Ranunculus lyalii, mountain lily

   showy white-flowered perennial of New Zealand

   Ranunculus occidentalis, western buttercup

   perennial of western North America

   Ranunculus repens, creeping buttercup, creeping crowfoot

   perennial European herb with long creeping stolons

   Ranunculus sceleratus, celery-leaved buttercup, cursed crowfoot

   annual herb growing in marshy places

   Arachis hypogaea, peanut, peanut vine

   widely cultivated American plant cultivated in tropical and warm regions; showy yellow flowers on stalks that bend over to the soil so that seed pods ripen underground

   Trifolium alpinum, alpine clover

   European mountain clover with fragrant usually pink flowers

   Trifolium dubium, hop clover, lesser yellow trefoil, shamrock

   clover native to Ireland with yellowish flowers; often considered the true or original shamrock

   Italian clover, Trifolium incarnatum, crimson clover

   southern European annual with spiky heads of crimson flower; extensively cultivated in United States for forage

   Trifolium pratense, purple clover, red clover

   erect to decumbent short-lived perennial having red-purple to pink flowers; the most commonly grown forage clover

   Trifolium reflexum, Trifolium stoloniferum, buffalo clover

   clover of western United States

   Trifolium repens, dutch clover, shamrock, white clover

   creeping European clover having white to pink flowers and bright green leaves; naturalized in United States; widely grown for forage

   Arum maculatum, cuckoopint, jack-in-the-pulpit, lords-and-ladies

   common European arum with lanceolate spathe and short purple spadix; emerges in early spring; source of a starch called arum

   Arum palaestinum, black calla

   ornamental plant of Middle East cultivated for its dark purple spathe

   alocasia, elephant ear, elephant's ear

   any plant of the genus Alocasia having large showy basal leaves and boat-shaped spathe and reddish berries

   amorphophallus

   any plant of the genus Amorphophallus

   Amorphophallus campanulatus, Amorphophallus paeonifolius, elephant yam, pungapung, telingo potato

   putrid-smelling aroid of southeastern Asia (especially the Philippines) grown for its edible tuber

   Amorphophallus rivieri, devil's tongue, snake palm, umbrella arum

   foul-smelling somewhat fleshy tropical plant of southeastern Asia cultivated for its edible corms or in the greenhouse for its large leaves and showy dark red spathe surrounding a large spadix

   Amorphophallus titanum, krubi, titan arum

   malodorous tropical plant having a spathe that resembles the corolla of a morning glory and attains a diameter of several feet

   Arisaema atrorubens, Arisaema triphyllum, Indian turnip, jack-in-the-pulpit, wake-robin

   common American spring-flowering woodland herb having sheathing leaves and an upright club-shaped spadix with overarching green and purple spathe producing scarlet berries

   Arisaema dracontium, green dragon

   early spring-flowering plant of eastern North America resembling the related jack-in-the-pulpit but having digitate leaves, slender greenish yellow spathe and elongated spadix

   Arisarum vulgare, friar's-cowl

   tuberous perennial having a cowl-shaped maroon or violet-black spathe; Mediterranean; Canaries; Azores

   caladium

   any plant of the genus Caladium cultivated for their ornamental foliage variously patterned in white or pink or red

   Colocasia esculenta, dalo, dasheen, taro, taro plant

   herb of the Pacific islands grown throughout the tropics for its edible root and in temperate areas as an ornamental for its large glossy leaves

   Dieffenbachia sequine, dumb cane, mother-in-law plant, mother-in-law's tongue

   an evergreen plant with large showy dark green leaves; contains a poison that swells the tongue and throat hence the name

   dracontium

   any plant of the genus Dracontium; strongly malodorous tropical American plants usually with gigantic leaves

   Dracunculus vulgaris, dragon arum, green dragon

   European arum resembling the cuckoopint

   nephthytis

   any plant of the genus Nephthytis

   Xanthosoma atrovirens, Xanthosoma sagittifolium, malanga, spoonflower, tannia, yautia

   tropical American aroid having edible tubers that are cooked and eaten like yams or potatoes

   Asarum canadense, Canada ginger, black snakeroot

   deciduous low-growing perennial of Canada and eastern and central United States

   Asarum virginicum, heart-leaf, heartleaf

   evergreen low-growing perennial having mottled green and silvery-grey heart-shaped pungent leaves; Virginia to South Carolina

   Asarum europaeum, asarabacca

   thick creeping evergreen herb of western Europe

   Cerastium arvense, field chickweed, field mouse-ear

   densely tufted perennial chickweed of north temperate zone

   Cerastium tomentosum, love-in-a-mist, snow-in-summer

   chickweed with hairy silver-grey leaves and rather large white flowers

   Alpine mouse-ear, Arctic mouse-ear, Cerastium alpinum

   widespread in the Arctic and on mountains in Europe

   Stellaria media, common chickweed

   a common low-growing annual garden weed with small white flowers; cosmopolitan; so-called because it is eaten by chickens

   Stellaria holostea, greater stitchwort, starwort, stitchwort

   low-growing north temperate herb having small white star-shaped flowers; named for its alleged ability to ease sharp pains in the side

   Amaranthus albus, Amaranthus graecizans, tumbleweed

   bushy plant of western United States

   Amaranthus caudatus, love-lies-bleeding, tassel flower, velvet flower

   young leaves widely used as leaf vegetables; seeds used as cereal

   Amaranthus cruentus, Amaranthus hybridus erythrostachys, Amaranthus hybridus hypochondriacus, gentleman's-cane, prince's-feather, prince's-plume, purple amaranth, red amaranth

   tall showy tropical American annual having hairy stems and long spikes of usually red flowers above leaves deeply flushed with purple; seeds often used as cereal

   Amaranthus hypochondriacus, pigweed

   leaves sometimes used as potherbs; seeds used as cereal; southern United States to Central America; India and China

   Chenopodium album, lamb's-quarters, pigweed, wild spinach

   common weedy European plant introduced into North America; often used as a potherb

   American wormseed, Chenopodium ambrosioides, Mexican tea, Spanish tea, wormseed

   rank-smelling tropical American pigweed

   Chenopodium bonus-henricus, allgood, fat hen, good-king-henry, wild spinach

   European plant naturalized in North America; often collected from the wild as a potherb

   Atriplex mexicana, Chenopodium botrys, Jerusalem oak, Mexican tea, feather geranium

   Eurasian aromatic oak-leaved goosefoot with many yellow-green flowers; naturalized North America

   Chenopodium capitatum, Indian paint, strawberry blite, strawberry pigweed

   European annual with clusters of greenish flowers followed by red pulpy berrylike fruit; naturalized North America

   Chenopodium glaucum, oak-leaved goosefoot, oakleaf goosefoot

   annual European plant with spikes of greenish flowers and leaves that are white and hairy on the underside; common as a weed in North America

   Chenopodium hybridum, red goosefoot, sowbane

   herb considered fatal to swine

   Chenopodium murale, nettle-leaved goosefoot, nettleleaf goosefoot

   European annual with coarsely dentate leaves; widespread in United States and southern Canada

   Chenopodium rubrum, French spinach, red goosefoot

   common Eurasian weed; naturalized in United States

   Chenopodium vulvaria, stinking goosefoot

   European goosefoot with strong-scented foliage; adventive in eastern North America

   Atriplex hortensis, garden orache, mountain spinach

   Asiatic plant resembling spinach often used as a potherb; naturalized in Europe and North America

   Beta vulgaris, beet, common beet

   biennial Eurasian plant usually having a swollen edible root; widely cultivated as a food crop

   Spinacia oleracea, prickly-seeded spinach, spinach, spinach plant

   southwestern Asian plant widely cultivated for its succulent edible dark green leaves

   Indian poke, Phytolacca acinosa

   pokeweed of southeastern Asia and China

   Phytolacca americana, garget, pigeon berry, poke, scoke

   tall coarse perennial American herb having small white flowers followed by blackish-red berries on long drooping racemes; young fleshy stems are edible; berries and root are poisonous

   Phytolacca dioica, bella sombra, ombu

   fast-growing herbaceous evergreen tree of South America having a broad trunk with high water content and dark green oval leaves

   Portulaca oleracea, common purslane, pussley, pussly, verdolagas

   weedy trailing mat-forming herb with bright yellow flowers cultivated for its edible mildly acid leaves eaten raw or cooked especially in Indian and Greek and Middle Eastern cuisine; cosmopolitan

   Montia cordifolia, broad-leaved montia

   succulent plant with mostly basal leaves; stem bears 1 pair of broadly ovate or heart-shaped leaves and a loose raceme of 3-10 white flowers; western North America

   Montia lamprosperma, blinking chickweed, blinks, water chickweed

   small Indian lettuce of northern regions

   Montia chamissoi, toad lily

   a floating or creeping Indian lettuce having terminal racemes of pale rose flowers; wet areas at high elevations of western North America

   Cuban spinach, Montia perfoliata, miner's lettuce, winter purslane

   succulent herb sometimes grown as a salad or pot herb; grows on dunes and waste ground of Pacific coast of North America

   Cleome hassleriana, spider flower, spider plant

   native to South America but naturalized in warm parts of United States; grown for its long-lasting spider-shaped white to pink-purple flowers

   Cleome serrulata, Rocky Mountain bee plant, stinking clover

   plant of western North America having trifoliate leaves and white or pink spider-shaped flowers; sometimes used as an ornamental

   cress, cress plant

   any of various plants of the family Cruciferae with edible leaves that have a pungent taste

   Alliaria officinalis, garlic mustard, hedge garlic, jack-by-the-hedge, sauce-alone

   European herb that smells like garlic

   alyssum, madwort

   any garden plant of the genus Alyssum having clusters of small yellow or white flowers

   Anastatica hierochuntica, resurrection plant, rose of Jericho

   small grey Asiatic desert plant bearing minute white flowers that rolls up when dry and expands when moist

   Brassica oleracea, wild cabbage

   wild original of cultivated cabbages; common in western coastal Europe

   Brassica oleracea, cabbage, cultivated cabbage

   any of various cultivars of the genus Brassica oleracea grown for their edible leaves or flowers

   Brassica oleracea gemmifera, brussels sprout

   plant grown for its stout stalks of edible small green heads resembling diminutive cabbages

   Brassica oleracea botrytis, cauliflower

   a plant having a large edible head of crowded white flower buds

   Brassica oleracea italica, broccoli

   plant with dense clusters of tight green flower buds

   Brassica oleracea acephala, borecole, cole, colewort, kail, kale

   a hardy cabbage with coarse curly leaves that do not form a head

   Brassica oleracea gongylodes, kohlrabi

   plant cultivated for its enlarged fleshy turnip-shaped edible stem

   turnip plant

   any of several widely cultivated plants having edible roots

   Brassica rapa ruvo, broccoli raab, broccoli rabe

   plant grown for its pungent edible leafy shoots

   mustard

   any of several cruciferous plants of the genus Brassica

   Brassica rapa pekinensis, Chinese cabbage, celery cabbage, napa, pe-tsai

   plant with an elongated head of broad stalked leaves resembling celery; used as a vegetable in east Asia

   Brassica rapa chinensis, Chinese white cabbage, bok choi, bok choy, pak choi, pakchoi

   Asiatic plant grown for its cluster of edible white stalks with dark green leaves

   Brassica perviridis, Brassica rapa perviridis, spinach mustard, tendergreen

   Asiatic plant cultivated for its swollen root crown and edible foliage

   Camelina sativa, gold of pleasure

   annual European false flax having small white flowers; cultivated since Neolithic times as a source of fiber and for its oil-rich seeds; widely naturalized in North America

   Capsella bursa-pastoris, shepherd's pouch, shepherd's purse

   white-flowered annual European herb bearing triangular notched pods; nearly cosmopolitan as an introduced weed

   Draba verna, shad-flower, shadflower, whitlow grass

   annual weed of Europe and North America having a rosette of basal leaves and tiny flowers followed by oblong seed capsules

   Isatis tinctoria, dyer's woad

   European biennial formerly grown for the blue coloring matter yielded by its leaves

   radish, radish plant

   a cruciferous plant of the genus Raphanus having a pungent edible root

   Stephanomeria malheurensis, malheur wire lettuce

   a small plant of Oregon resembling mustard; a threatened species

   Argemone mexicana, Mexican poppy

   annual herb with prickly stems and large yellow flowers; southern United States to West Indies and Mexico

   Achillea millefolium, milfoil, yarrow

   ubiquitous strong-scented mat-forming Eurasian herb of wasteland, hedgerow or pasture having narrow serrate leaves and small usually white florets; widely naturalized in North America

   Achillea ptarmica, sneezeweed yarrow, sneezewort

   Eurasian herb having loose heads of button-shaped white flowers and long grey-green leaves that cause sneezing when powdered

   plantain-leaved pussytoes

   a variety of pussytoes

   field pussytoes

   a variety of pussytoes

   solitary pussytoes

   a variety of pussytoes

   mountain everlasting

   a variety of cat's foot

   Coreopsis gigantea, giant coreopsis

   large treelike shrub having feathery leaves and clusters of large yellow flower heads; coastal southern California

   Coreopsis maritima, sea dahlia

   stout herb with flowers one to a stalk; ornamental developed from a Mexican wildflower

   Coreopsis tinctoria, calliopsis

   North American annual widely cultivated for its yellow flowers with purple-red to brownish centers; in some classifications placed in a subgenus Calliopsis

   Cynara scolymus, artichoke, artichoke plant, globe artichoke

   Mediterranean thistlelike plant widely cultivated for its large edible flower head

   Cynara cardunculus, cardoon

   southern European plant having spiny leaves and purple flowers cultivated for its edible leafstalks and roots

   Grindelia robusta

   perennial gumweed of California and Baja California

   Grindelia squarrosa, curlycup gumweed

   perennial gumweed of western and central North America

   Helenium autumnale, autumn sneezeweed

   North American perennial with bright yellow late summer flowers

   Helenium hoopesii, orange sneezeweed, owlclaws

   stout perennial herb of western United States having flower heads with drooping orange-yellow rays; causes spewing sickness in sheep

   Helenium puberulum, rosilla

   a sneezeweed of southwestern United States especially southern California

   Hieracium venosum, rattlesnake weed

   a hawkweed with a rosette of purple-veined basal leaves; Canada to northern Georgia and Kentucky

   Inula helenium, elecampane

   tall coarse Eurasian herb having daisylike yellow flowers with narrow petals whose rhizomatous roots are used medicinally

   Krigia bulbosa, Krigia dandelion, dwarf dandelion

   small yellow-flowered herb resembling dandelions of central and southeastern United States

   Lactuca sativa, common lettuce, garden lettuce

   annual or perennial garden plant having succulent leaves used in salads; widely grown

   Lactuca sativa longifolia, cos lettuce, romaine lettuce

   lettuce with long dark-green spoon-shaped leaves

   Lactuca sativa capitata, head lettuce

   distinguished by leaves arranged in a dense rosette that develop into a compact ball

   Lactuca sativa crispa, leaf lettuce

   distinguished by leaves having curled or incised leaves forming a loose rosette that does not develop into a compact head

   Lactuca sativa asparagina, celtuce, stem lettuce

   lettuce valued especially for its edible stems

   Chile tarweed, Madia sativa, madia oil plant, melosa

   South American herb with sticky glandular foliage; source of madia oil

   Nabalus alba, Prenanthes alba, cankerweed, white lettuce

   herb of northeastern North America having drooping clusters of yellowish-white flowers; sometimes placed in genus Prenanthes

   Hieracium pilocella, Pilosella officinarum, mouse-ear hawkweed

   European hawkweed having soft hairy leaves; sometimes placed in genus Hieracium

   Taraxacum officinale, Taraxacum ruderalia, common dandelion

   Eurasian plant widely naturalized as a weed in North America; used as salad greens and to make wine

   Russian dandelion, Taraxacum kok-saghyz, kok-saghyz, kok-sagyz

   perennial dandelion native to Kazakhstan cultivated for its fleshy roots that have high rubber content

   Campanula rotundifolia, bluebell, harebell

   perennial of northern hemisphere with slender stems and bell-shaped blue flowers

   Campanula rapunculoides, creeping bellflower

   erect European herb with creeping rootstocks and nodding spikelike racemes of blue to violet flowers

   Campanula medium, Canterbury bell, cup and saucer

   European biennial widely cultivated for its blue or violet or white flowers

   Campanula divaricata, southern harebell

   bellflower of southeastern United States (Maryland to Georgia) having pale blue flowers

   Campanula americana, tall bellflower

   annual or perennial of eastern North America with long spikes of blue or white flowers

   Campanula aparinoides, marsh bellflower

   bellflower common in marshes of eastern North America having lanceolate linear leaves and small whitish flowers

   Campanula glomerata, clustered bellflower

   bellflower of Europe to temperate Asia having dense spikes of violet-blue to white flowers

   Campanula persicifolia, peach bell, peach bells, willow bell

   perennial European bellflower with racemose white or blue flowers

   Campanula pyramidalis, chimney bellflower, chimney plant

   bellflower of southeastern Europe

   Campanula rapunculus, rampion, rampion bellflower

   bellflower of Europe and Asia and North Africa having bluish flowers and an edible tuberous root used with the leaves in salad

   Campanula trachelium, nettle-leaved bellflower, throatwort

   European bellflower with blue-purple to lilac flowers formerly used to treat sore throat

   Campanula carpatica, spreading bellflower, tussock bellflower

   European perennial bellflower that grows in clumps with spreading stems and blue or white flowers

   English primrose, Primula vulgaris

   plant of western and southern Europe widely cultivated for its pale yellow flowers

   Primula veris, cowslip, paigle

   early spring flower common in British isles having fragrant yellow or sometimes purple flowers

   Primula elatior, oxlip, paigle

   Eurasian primrose with yellow flowers clustered in a one-sided umbel

   Chinese primrose, Primula sinensis

   cultivated Asiatic primrose

   Primula auricula, auricula, bear's ear

   yellow-flowered primrose native to Alps; commonly cultivated

   Primula polyantha, polyanthus

   florists' primroses; considered a complex hybrid derived from oxlip, cowslip, and common primrose

   Anagallis arvensis, poor man's weatherglass, red pimpernel, scarlet pimpernel

   herb with scarlet or white or purple blossoms that close at approach of rainy weather

   Anagallis tenella, bog pimpernel

   small creeping European herb having delicate pink flowers

   Lysimachia clethroides Duby, gooseneck loosestrife

   a variety of the loosestrife herb

   Lysimachia nemorum, yellow pimpernel

   trailing European evergreen with yellow flowers

   Lysimachia ciliatum, fringed loosestrife

   of North America

   Lysimachia nummularia, creeping Charlie, creeping Jenny, moneywort

   a loosestrife vine

   Lysimachia vulgaris, garden loosestrife, yellow loosestrife

   frequently considered a weed; Europe and Asia

   Lysimachia terrestris, swamp candles

   North American plant with spikes of yellow flowers, found in wet places

   Lysimachia quadrifolia, whorled loosestrife

   common North American yellow-flowered plant

   grass

   narrow-leaved green herbage: grown as lawns; used as pasture for grazing animals; cut and dried as hay

   Saccharum officinarum, sugar cane, sugarcane

   tall tropical southeast Asian grass having stout fibrous jointed stalks; sap is a chief source of sugar

   reed

   a tall woody perennial grass with a slender hollow stem especially of the genera Arundo and Phragmites

   bamboo

   woody tropical grass having hollow woody stems; mature canes used for construction and furniture

   Indian pink, Lobelia cardinalis, cardinal flower

   North American lobelia having brilliant red flowers

   Indian tobacco, Lobelia inflata, bladderpod

   North American wild lobelia having small blue flowers and inflated capsules formerly used as an antispasmodic

   Lobelia dortmanna, water lobelia

   erect perennial aquatic herb of Europe and North America having submerged spongy leaves and pendulous racemes of blue flowers above the water

   Lobelia siphilitica, blue cardinal flower, great lobelia

   tall erect and very leafy perennial herb of eastern North America having dense spikes of blue flowers

   Pyrola americana, Pyrola rotundifolia americana, false wintergreen

   evergreen of eastern North America with leathery leaves and numerous white flowers

   Pyrola minor, lesser wintergreen

   the common wintergreen having many-flowered racemes of pink-tinged white flowers; Europe and North America

   Pyrola elliptica, shinleaf, wild lily of the valley

   North American evergreen with small pinkish bell-shaped flowers and oblong leaves used formerly for shinplasters

   Pyrola rotundifolia, wild lily of the valley

   evergreen with rounded leaves and very fragrant creamy-white flowers; widely distributed in northern parts of Old and New Worlds

   Chimaphila corymbosa, Chimaphila umbellata, love-in-winter, western prince's pine

   Eurasian herb with white or pinkish flowers in a terminal corymb

   enchanter's nightshade

   any of several erect perennial rhizomatous herbs of the genus Circaea having white flowers that open at dawn; northern hemisphere

   Epilobium angustifolium, fireweed, giant willowherb, rosebay willowherb, wickup

   tall North American perennial with creeping rootstocks and narrow leaves and spikes of pinkish-purple flowers occurring in great abundance in burned-over areas or recent clearings; an important honey plant

   Epilobium hirsutum, codlins-and-cream, hairy willowherb

   plant of Europe and Asia having purplish-red flowers and hairy stems and leaves; introduced into North America

   German rampion, Oenothera biennis, common evening primrose

   a coarse biennial of eastern North America with yellow flowers that open in the evening; naturalized in Europe

   Oenothera fruticosa, sundrops

   a day-flowering biennial or perennial of the genus Oenothera

   Missouri primrose, Oenothera macrocarpa, Ozark sundrops

   evening-opening primrose of south central United States

   Canna generalis, canna lily

   plants grown for their large bright yellow to red flowers

   Canna edulis, Canna indica, achira, arrowroot, indian shot

   canna grown especially for its edible rootstock from which arrowroot starch is obtained

   American arrowroot, Maranta arundinaceae, arrowroot, obedience plant

   white-flowered West Indian plant whose root yields arrowroot starch

   Musa acuminata, dwarf banana

   low-growing Asian banana tree cultivated especially in the West Indies for its clusters of edible yellow fruit

   Japanese banana, Musa basjoo

   Asiatic banana plant cultivated especially as a foliage plant in Japan

   Musa paradisiaca, plantain, plantain tree

   a banana tree bearing hanging clusters of edible angular greenish starchy fruits; tropics and subtropics

   Musa paradisiaca sapientum, edible banana

   widely cultivated species of banana trees bearing compact hanging clusters of commercially important edible yellow fruit

   Manila hemp, Musa textilis, abaca

   Philippine banana tree having leafstalks that yield Manila hemp used for rope and paper etc

   Canton ginger, Zingiber officinale, common ginger, stem ginger

   tropical Asian plant widely cultivated for its pungent root; source of gingerroot and powdered ginger

   Alpinia galanga, galangal

   southeastern Asian perennial with aromatic roots

   Alpinia officinalis, Alpinia officinarum, lesser galangal

   Chinese perennial with pyramidal racemes of white flowers and pungent aromatic roots used medicinally and as flavoring

   Alpinia purpurata, red ginger

   an ornamental ginger native to Pacific islands

   Alpinia Zerumbet, Alpinia speciosa, Languas speciosa, shall-flower, shell ginger, shellflower

   cultivated for its shining oblong leaves and arching clusters of white flowers with pink shading and crinkled yellow lips with variegated magenta stripes

   Reseda odorata, mignonette, sweet reseda

   Mediterranean woody annual widely cultivated for its dense terminal spikelike clusters greenish or yellowish white flowers having an intense spicy fragrance

   Reseda luteola, dyer's mignonette, dyer's rocket, weld

   European mignonette cultivated as a source of yellow dye; naturalized in North America

   violet

   any of numerous low-growing violas with small flowers

   Viola arvensis, field pansy, heartsease

   common Old World viola with creamy often violet-tinged flowers

   Viola cornuta, horned violet, tufted pansy

   European viola with an unusually long corolla spur

   Viola tricolor hortensis, pansy

   large-flowered garden plant derived chiefly from the wild pansy of Europe and having velvety petals of various colors

   Johnny-jump-up, Viola tricolor, heartsease, love-in-idleness, pink of my John, wild pansy

   a common and long cultivated European herb from which most common garden pansies are derived

   Boehmeria nivea, China grass, Chinese silk plant, ramee, ramie

   tall perennial herb of tropical Asia with dark green leaves; cultivated for the fiber from its woody stems that resembles flax

   Kniphofia uvaria, poker plant

   clump-forming plant of South Africa with spikes of scarlet flowers

   Cicer arietinum, Egyptian pea, chickpea, chickpea plant

   Asiatic herb cultivated for its short pods with one or two edible seeds

   American rattlebox, Crotalaria sagitallis

   tropical American annual herb having an inflated pod in which the ripe seeds rattle

   Crotalaria spectabilis, Indian rattlebox

   erect subshrub having purple-tinted flowers and an inflated pod in which the ripe seeds rattle; India

   Cyamopsis psoraloides, Cyamopsis tetragonolobus, cluster bean, guar

   drought-tolerant herb grown for forage and for its seed which yield a gum used as a thickening agent or sizing material

   Glycine max, soja, soja bean, soy, soya, soya bean, soybean, soybean plant

   erect bushy hairy annual herb having trifoliate leaves and purple to pink flowers; extensively cultivated for food and forage and soil improvement but especially for its nutritious oil-rich seeds; native to Asia

   wild pea

   any of various plants of the family Leguminosae that usually grow like vines

   Lens culinaris, lentil, lentil plant

   widely cultivated Eurasian annual herb grown for its edible flattened seeds that are cooked like peas and also ground into meal and for its leafy stalks that are used as fodder

   Dolichos biflorus, Macrotyloma uniflorum, horse grain, horse gram, poor man's pulse

   twining herb of Old World tropics cultivated in India for food and fodder; sometimes placed in genus Dolichos

   Medicago arborea, moon trefoil

   evergreen shrub of southern European highlands having downy foliage and a succession of yellow flowers throughout the summer followed by curious snail-shaped pods

   Medicago falcata, sickle alfalfa, sickle lucerne, sickle medick

   European medic naturalized in North America having yellow flowers and sickle-shaped pods

   Calvary clover, Medicago echinus, Medicago intertexta

   an annual of the Mediterranean area having spiny seed pods and leaves with dark spots

   Medicago lupulina, black medick, hop clover, nonesuch clover, yellow trefoil

   prostrate European herb with small yellow flowers and curved black pods; naturalized in North America

   Medicago sativa, alfalfa, lucerne

   important European leguminous forage plant with trifoliate leaves and blue-violet flowers grown widely as a pasture and hay crop

   crazy weed, crazyweed, locoweed

   any of several leguminous plants of western North America causing locoism in livestock

   bean, bean plant

   any of various leguminous plants grown for their edible seeds and pods

   pea, pea plant

   a leguminous plant of the genus Pisum with small white flowers and long green pods containing edible green seeds

   sesbania

   any of various plants of the genus Sesbania having pinnate leaves and large showy pea-like flowers

   Thermopsis macrophylla, false lupine, golden pea, yellow pea

   western United States bushy herb having yellow pea-like flowers

   Carolina lupine, Thermopsis villosa

   eastern United States bush pea

   vetch

   any of various climbing plants of the genus Vicia having pinnately compound leaves that terminate in tendrils and small variously colored flowers; includes valuable forage and soil-building plants

   Phaseolus aconitifolius, Vigna aconitifolia, moth bean

   East Indian legume having hairy foliage and small yellow flowers followed by cylindrical pods; used especially in India for food and forage and as a soil conditioner; sometimes placed in genus Phaseolus

   Phaseolus angularis, Vigna angularis, adsuki bean, adzuki bean

   bushy annual widely grown in China and Japan for the flour made from its seeds

   Phaseolus caracalla, Vigna caracalla, corkscrew flower, snail bean, snail flower, snail-flower, snailflower

   perennial tropical American vine cultivated for its racemes of showy yellow and purple flowers having the corolla keel coiled like a snail shell; sometimes placed in genus Phaseolus

   Phaseolus aureus, Vigna radiata, golden gram, green gram, mung, mung bean

   erect bushy annual widely cultivated in warm regions of India and Indonesia and United States for forage and especially its edible seeds; chief source of bean sprouts used in Chinese cookery; sometimes placed in genus Phaseolus

   Vigna sinensis, Vigna unguiculata, black-eyed pea, cowpea, cowpea plant

   sprawling Old World annual cultivated especially in southern United States for food and forage and green manure

   Vigna sesquipedalis, Vigna unguiculata sesquipedalis, asparagus bean, yard-long bean

   South American bean having very long succulent pods

   English plantain, Plantago lanceolata, buckthorn, narrow-leaved plantain, ribgrass, ribwort, ripple-grass

   an Old World plantain with long narrow ribbed leaves widely established in temperate regions

   Plantago major, broad-leaved plantain, cart-track plant, common plantain, white-man's foot, whiteman's foot

   common European perennial naturalized worldwide; a troublesome weed

   Plantago media, hoary plantain

   widely distributed Old World perennial naturalized in North America having finely hairy leaves and inconspicuous white fragrant flowers

   Plantago psyllium, Spanish psyllium, fleawort, psyllium

   plantain of Mediterranean regions whose seeds swell and become gelatinous when moist and are used as a mild laxative

   Plantago rugelii, broad-leaved plantain, rugel's plantain

   North American plantain having reddish leafstalks and broad leaves

   Plantago virginica, hoary plantain

   North American annual or biennial with long soft hairs on the leaves

   Himalayan rhubarb, Indian rhubarb, Rheum australe, Rheum emodi, red-veined pie plant

   Asian herb (Himalayas)

   Rheum cultorum, Rheum rhabarbarum, Rheum rhaponticum, garden rhubarb, pie plant

   long cultivated hybrid of Rheum palmatum; stems often cooked in pies or as sauce or preserves

   Chinese rhubarb, Rheum palmatum

   long used for laxative properties

   Rumex acetosa, garden sorrel, sour dock

   European sorrel with large slightly acidic sagittate leaves grown throughout north temperate zone for salad and spring greens

   Rumex acetosella, sheep sorrel, sheep's sorrel

   small plant having pleasantly acid-tasting arrow-shaped leaves; common in dry places

   Rumex obtusifolius, bitter dock, broad-leaved dock, yellow dock

   European dock with broad obtuse leaves and bitter rootstock common as a weed in North America

   French sorrel, Rumex scutatus, garden sorrel

   low perennial with small silvery-green ovate to hastate leaves

   Paradisea liliastrum, St.-Bruno's-lily

   a variety of spiderwort

   Agrimonia eupatoria, harvest-lice

   erect perennial Old World herb of dry grassy habitats

   Agrimonia procera, fragrant agrimony

   fragrant European perennial herb found at woodland margins on moist soils

   Fragaria ananassa, cultivated strawberry, garden strawberry

   widely cultivated

   Fragaria vesca, wild strawberry, wood strawberry

   Europe

   Chilean strawberry, Fragaria chiloensis, beach strawberry

   wild strawberry of western United States and South America; source of many varieties of cultivated strawberries

   Fragaria virginiana, Virginia strawberry, scarlet strawberry

   North American wild strawberry with sweet scarlet fruit; a source of many cultivated strawberries

   Asperula odorata, Galium odoratum, fragrant bedstraw, sweet woodruff, waldmeister, woodruff

   Old World fragrant stoloniferous perennial having small white flowers and narrow leaves used as flavoring and in sachets; widely cultivated as a ground cover; in some classifications placed in genus Asperula

   Galium boreale, Northern bedstraw, Northern snow bedstraw

   North American stoloniferous perennial having white flowers; sometimes used as an ornamental

   Galium verum, Our Lady's bedstraw, yellow bedstraw, yellow cleavers

   common yellow-flowered perennial bedstraw; North America and Europe and Asia

   Galium lanceolatum, wild licorice

   bedstraw with sweetish roots

   Galium aparine, catchweed, cleavers, clivers, goose grass, spring cleavers

   annual having the stem beset with curved prickles; North America and Europe and Asia

   Galium mollugo, false baby's breath, infant's-breath, white bedstraw, white madder, wild madder

   Eurasian herb with ample panicles of small white flowers; naturalized in North America

   Dipsacus fullonum, common teasel

   teasel with lilac flowers native to Old World but naturalized in North America; dried flower heads used to raise a nap on woolen cloth

   Dipsacus sativus, fuller's teasel

   similar to the common teasel and similarly used; widespread in Europe and North Africa and western Asia; naturalized in United States

   Dipsacus sylvestris, wild teasel

   European teasel with white to pink flowers; naturalized in United States

   crane's bill, cranesbill

   any of numerous geraniums of the genus Geranium

   Pelargonium graveolens, rose geranium, sweet-scented geranium

   any of several southern African geraniums having fragrant three-lobed to five-lobed leaves and pink flowers

   Pelargonium hortorum, bedding geranium, fish geranium, zonal pelargonium

   an upright geranium having scalloped leaves with a broad color zone inside the margin and white or pink or red flowers

   Pelargonium peltatum, hanging geranium, ivy geranium, ivy-leaved geranium

   a commonly cultivated trailing South American plant with peltate leaves and rosy flowers

   Pelargonium odoratissimum, apple geranium, nutmeg geranium

   geranium with round fragrant leaves and small white flowers

   Pelargonium limoneum, lemon geranium

   a common garden geranium with lemon-scented foliage

   heron's bill, storksbill

   any of various plants of the genus Erodium

   Oxalis acetosella, common wood sorrel, cuckoo bread, shamrock

   Eurasian plant with heart-shaped trifoliate leaves and white purple-veined flowers

   Bermuda buttercup, English-weed, Oxalis cernua, Oxalis pes-caprae

   South African bulbous wood sorrel with showy yellow flowers

   Oxalis corniculata, creeping oxalis, creeping wood sorrel

   creeping much-branched mat-forming weed; cosmopolitan

   Oxalis caprina, goat's foot, goatsfoot

   short-stemmed South African plant with bluish flowers

   Oxalis violacea, violet wood sorrel

   perennial herb of eastern North America with palmately compound leaves and usually rose-purple flowers

   Oxalis crenata, Oxalis tuberosa, oca, oka

   South American wood sorrel cultivated for its edible tubers

   Indian cress, Tropaeolum majus, garden nasturtium

   strong-growing annual climber having large flowers of all shades of orange from orange-red to yellowish orange and seeds that are pickled and used like capers

   Tropaeolum minus, bush nasturtium

   annual with deep yellow flowers smaller than the common garden nasturtium

   Tropaeolum peregrinum, canary creeper, canarybird flower, canarybird vine

   a climber having flowers that are the color of canaries

   pitcher plant

   any of several insectivorous herbs of the order Sarraceniales

   daily dew, sundew, sundew plant

   any of various bog plants of the genus Drosera having leaves covered with sticky hairs that trap and digest insects; cosmopolitan in distribution

   Dionaea muscipula, Venus flytrap, Venus's flytrap, Venus's flytraps

   carnivorous plant of coastal plains of the Carolinas having sensitive hinged marginally bristled leaf blades that close and entrap insects

   Aldrovanda vesiculosa, waterwheel plant

   floating aquatic carnivorous perennial of central and southern Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia having whorls of 6 to 9 leaves ending in hinged lobes for capturing e.g. water fleas

   Drosophyllum lusitanicum

   perennial of dry habitats whose leaves have glandular hairs that secrete adhesive and digestive fluid for capture and digestion of insects; Portugal, southern Spain and Morocco

   roridula

   either of 2 species of the genus Roridula; South African viscid perennial low-growing woody shrubs

   stonecrop

   any of various northern temperate plants of the genus Sedum having fleshy leaves and red or yellow or white flowers

   Sedum rosea, midsummer-men, rose-root

   Eurasian mountain plant with fleshy pink-tipped leaves and a cluster of yellow flowers

   Sedum telephium, live-forever, livelong, orpin, orpine

   perennial northern temperate plant with toothed leaves and heads of small purplish-white flowers

   Saxifraga aizoides, yellow mountain saxifrage

   tufted evergreen perennial having ciliate leaves and yellow corymbose flowers often spotted orange

   Saxifraga granulata, fair-maids-of-France, meadow saxifrage

   rosette-forming perennial having compact panicles of white flowers; Europe

   Saxifraga hypnoides, mossy saxifrage

   tufted or mat-forming perennial of mountains of Europe; cultivated for its white flowers

   Saxifraga occidentalis, western saxifrage

   saxifrage having loose clusters of white flowers on hairy stems growing from a cluster of basal leaves; moist slopes of western North America

   Saxifraga oppositifolia, purple saxifrage

   plants forming dense cushions with bright reddish-lavender flowers; rocky areas of Europe and Asia and western North America

   Saxifraga stellaris, star saxifrage, starry saxifrage

   small often mat-forming alpine plant having small starlike white flowers; Europe

   Saxifraga sarmentosam, Saxifraga stolonifera, mother-of-thousands, strawberry geranium, strawberry saxifrage

   eastern Asiatic saxifrage with racemes of small red-and-white flowers; spreads by numerous creeping stolons

   Astilbe biternata, false goatsbeard

   North American astilbe with panicles of creamy white flowers

   Astilbe chinensis pumila, dwarf astilbe

   mat-forming evergreen Asiatic plant with finely cut leaves and small pink to burgundy flowers; grown as ground cover

   Astilbe japonica, spiraea, spirea

   a Japanese shrub that resembles members of the genus Spiraea; widely cultivated in many varieties for its dense panicles of flowers in many colors; often forced by florists for Easter blooming

   Heuchera americana, rock geranium

   plant with basal leaves mottled with white and flowers in lax panicles on erect stems

   Heuchera cylindrica, poker alumroot, poker heuchera

   plant with leathery heart-shaped leaf blades clustered at base of long stalks with greenish-white flowers clustered along the upper part; western North America

   Heuchera sanguinea, coralbells

   perennial plant of the western United States having bright red flowers in feathery spikes; used as an ornamental

   Mitella diphylla, fairy cup

   miterwort of northeastern North America usually with two opposite leaves on erect flowering stems that terminate in erect racemes of white flowers

   Mitella pentandra, five-point bishop's cap

   small plant with leaves in a basal cluster and tiny greenish flowers in slender racemes; northwestern North America to California and Colorado

   Suksdorfia violaceae, violet suksdorfia

   slender delicate plant with wide roundish deeply lobed leaves and deep pink to violet funnel-shaped flowers; British Columbia to northern Oregon and west to Idaho and Montana

   Greek valerian, Jacob's ladder, Polemonium caeruleum, Polemonium van-bruntiae, Polymonium caeruleum van-bruntiae, charity

   pinnate-leaved European perennial having bright blue or white flowers

   Greek valerian, Polemonium reptans

   erect or spreading perennial of the eastern United States

   Polemonium boreale, northern Jacob's ladder

   perennial erect herb with white flowers; circumboreal

   Polemonium viscosum, skunk-weed, skunkweed

   tall herb of the Rocky Mountains having sticky leaves and an offensive smell

   Phlox bifida, Phlox stellaria, chickweed phlox, sand phlox

   low mat-forming herb of rocky places in United States

   Phlox subulata, dwarf phlox, moss phlox, moss pink, mountain phlox

   low tufted perennial phlox with needlelike evergreen leaves and pink or white flowers; native to United States and widely cultivated as a ground cover

   Linanthus dianthiflorus, fringed pink, ground pink, moss pink

   low wiry-stemmed branching herb or southern California having fringed pink flowers

   Linanthus dichotomus, evening-snow

   small California annual with white flowers

   Acanthus mollis, bear's breech, bear's breeches, sea holly

   widely cultivated southern European acanthus with whitish purple-veined flowers

   Anchusa officinalis, alkanet, bugloss

   perennial or biennial herb cultivated for its delicate usually blue flowers

   Anchusa capensis, cape forget-me-not

   anchusa of southern Africa having blue flowers with white throats

   Anchusa riparia, cape forget-me-not

   anchusa of southern Africa having blue to red-purple flowers

   beggar lice, beggar's lice

   Eurasian and North American plants having small prickly nutlets that stick to clothing

   Symphytum officinale, boneset, common comfrey

   European herb having small white, pink or purple flowers; naturalized as a weed in North America

   Hydrophyllum virginianum, Indian salad, John's cabbage, Shawnee salad, Virginia waterleaf, shawny

   showy perennial herb with white flowers; leaves sometimes used as edible greens in southeastern United States

   Nemophila maculata, five-spot

   California annual having white flowers with a deep purple blotch on each petal

   Agastache nepetoides, yellow giant hyssop

   erect perennial with stout stems and yellow-green flowers; southern Canada and southeastern United States

   Agastache foeniculum, anise hyssop

   much-branched North American herb with an odor like fennel

   Agastache mexicana, Mexican hyssop

   erect perennial of Mexico having rose to crimson flowers

   Ajuga reptans, creeping bugle

   low rhizomatous European carpeting plant having spikes of blue flowers; naturalized in parts of United States

   Ajuga genevensis, blue bugle, erect bugle

   upright rhizomatous perennial with bright blue flowers; southern Europe

   Ajuga pyramidalis, pyramid bugle

   European evergreen carpeting perennial

   Ajuga chamaepitys, ground pine, yellow bugle

   low-growing annual with yellow flowers dotted red; faintly aromatic of pine resin; Europe, British Isles and North Africa

   Blephilia hirsuta, hairy wood mint

   a variety of wood mint

   Blephilia celiata, downy wood mint

   a variety of wood mint

   Calamintha sylvatica, Satureja calamintha officinalis, common calamint

   mint-scented perennial of central and southern Europe

   Calamintha grandiflora, Clinopodium grandiflorum, Satureja grandiflora, large-flowered calamint

   aromatic herb with large pink flowers; southern and southeastern Europe; Anatolia; northern Iran

   Calamintha nepeta, Calamintha nepeta glantulosa, Satureja calamintha glandulosa, Satureja nepeta, field balm, lesser calamint

   low-growing strongly aromatic perennial herb of southern Europe to Great Britain; naturalized in United States

   Coleus amboinicus, Coleus aromaticus, Plectranthus amboinicus, country borage

   an aromatic fleshy herb of India and Ceylon to South Africa; sometimes placed in genus Plectranthus

   Coleus blumei, Joseph's coat, Solenostemon blumei, Solenostemon scutellarioides, painted nettle

   perennial aromatic herb of southeastern Asia having large usually bright-colored or blotched leaves and spikes of blue-violet flowers; sometimes placed in genus Solenostemon

   Lamium album, white dead nettle

   European dead nettle with white flowers

   Lamium amplexicaule, henbit

   Eurasian plant having toothed leaves and small two-lipped white or purplish-red flowers

   Origanum vulgare, marjoram, oregano, pot marjoram, wild marjoram, winter sweet

   aromatic Eurasian perennial

   Majorana hortensis, Origanum majorana, knotted marjoram, sweet marjoram

   aromatic European plant native to Mediterranean and Turkey; not widespread in Europe

   Origanum dictamnus, cretan dittany, crete dittany, dittany of crete, hop marjoram, winter sweet

   dwarf aromatic shrub of Crete

   Marrubium vulgare, common horehound, white horehound

   European aromatic herb with hairy leaves and numerous white flowers in axillary cymes; leaves yield a bitter extract use medicinally and as flavoring

   Mentha arvensis, corn mint, field mint

   European mint naturalized in United States

   Mentha aquatica, water mint, water-mint

   a European mint that thrives in wet places; has a perfume like that of the bergamot orange; naturalized in eastern North America

   Mentha citrata, bergamot mint, eau de cologne mint, lemon mint

   mint with leaves having perfume like that of the bergamot orange

   Mentha longifolia, horsemint

   a coarse Old World wild water mint having long leaves and spikelike clusters of flowers; naturalized in the eastern United States

   Mentha piperita, peppermint

   herb with downy leaves and small purple or white flowers that yields a pungent oil used as a flavoring

   Mentha spicata, spearmint

   common garden herb having clusters of small purplish flowers and yielding an oil used as a flavoring

   Mentha rotundifolia, Mentha suaveolens, apple mint, applemint

   mint with apple-scented stems of southern and western Europe; naturalized in United States

   Mentha pulegium, pennyroyal

   Eurasian perennial mint have small lilac-blue flowers and ovate leaves; yields an aromatic oil

   Monarda didyma, bee balm, beebalm, bergamot mint, oswego tea

   perennial aromatic herb of eastern North America having variously colored tubular flowers in dense showy heads

   Monarda punctata, horsemint

   tall erect perennial or annual having lanceolate leaves and heads of purple-spotted creamy flowers; many subspecies grown from eastern to southwestern United States and in Mexico

   Monarda fistulosa, bee balm, beebalm

   perennial herb of North America

   Monarda citriodora, horsemint, lemon mint

   an annual horsemint of central and western United States and northern Mexico

   Monarda pectinata, plains lemon monarda

   annual of southern United States

   Monarda clinopodia, basil balm

   perennial herb of North America (New York to Illinois and mountains of Alaska) having aromatic leaves and clusters of yellowish-pink balls

   Ocimum basilicum, common basil, sweet basil

   annual or perennial of tropical Asia having spikes of small white flowers and aromatic leaves; one of the most important culinary herbs; used in salads, casseroles, sauces and some liqueurs

   Physostegia virginiana, false dragon head, false dragonhead, obedient plant

   North American plant having a spike of two-lipped pink or white flowers

   Pycnanthemum virginianum, basil mint

   perennial herb of the eastern United States having inconspicuous greenish flowers and narrow leaves that are very aromatic when bruised

   Salvia azurea, blue sage

   blue-flowered sage of dry prairies of the eastern United States

   Salvia clarea, clary sage

   stout Mediterranean sage with white or pink or violet flowers; yields oil used as a flavoring and in perfumery

   Salvia farinacea, blue sage, mealy sage

   Texas sage having intensely blue flowers

   Salvia lancifolia, Salvia reflexa, blue sage

   sage of western North America to Central America having violet-blue flowers; widespread in cultivation

   Salvia leucophylla, chaparral sage, purple sage

   silvery-leaved California herb with purple flowers

   Salvia lyrata, cancer weed, cancerweed

   sage of eastern United States

   Salvia officinalis, common sage, ramona

   shrubby plant with aromatic greyish-green leaves used as a cooking herb

   Salvia pratensis, meadow clary

   tall perennial Old World salvia with violet-blue flowers; found in open grasslands

   Salvia sclarea, clary

   aromatic herb of southern Europe; cultivated in Great Britain as a potherb and widely as an ornamental

   Salvia spathacea, pitcher sage

   California erect and sparsely branched perennial

   Mexican mint, Salvia divinorum

   an herb from Oaxaca that has a powerful hallucinogenic effect; the active ingredient is salvinorin

   Salvia verbenaca, vervain sage, wild clary, wild sage

   Eurasian sage with blue flowers and foliage like verbena; naturalized in United States

   Satureia hortensis, Satureja hortensis, summer savory

   erect annual herb with oval leaves and pink flowers; used to flavor e.g. meats or soups or salads; southeastern Europe and naturalized elsewhere

   Satureia montana, Satureja montana, winter savory

   erect perennial subshrub having pink or white flowers and leathery leaves with a flavor of thyme; southern Europe

   Thymus vulgaris, common thyme

   common aromatic garden perennial native to the western Mediterranean; used in seasonings and formerly as medicine

   Thymus serpyllum, creeping thyme, wild thyme

   aromatic dwarf shrub common on banks and hillsides in Europe; naturalized in United States

   bladderwort

   any of numerous aquatic carnivorous plants of the genus Utricularia some of whose leaves are modified as small urn-shaped bladders that trap minute aquatic animals

   butterwort

   any of numerous carnivorous bog plants of the genus Pinguicula having showy purple or yellow or white flowers and a rosette of basal leaves coated with a sticky secretion to trap small insects

   genlisea

   rootless carnivorous swamp plants having at the base of the stem a rosette of foliage and leaves consisting of slender tubes swollen in the middle to form traps; each tube passes into two long spirally twisted arms with stiff hairs

   Digitalis purpurea, common foxglove, fairy bell, finger-flower, finger-root, fingerflower, fingerroot

   tall leafy European biennial or perennial having spectacular clusters of large tubular pink-purple flowers; leaves yield drug digitalis and are poisonous to livestock

   Digitalis lutea, straw foxglove, yellow foxglove

   European yellow-flowered foxglove

   Verbascum blattaria, moth mullein

   European mullein with smooth leaves and large yellow or purplish flowers; naturalized as a weed in North America

   Verbascum lychnitis, white mullein

   densely hairy Eurasian herb with racemose white flowers; naturalized in North America

   Verbascum phoeniceum, purple mullein

   Eurasian mullein with showy purple or pink flowers

   Aaron's rod, Verbascum thapsus, common mullein, flannel mullein, great mullein, torch, woolly mullein

   tall-stalked very woolly mullein with densely packed yellow flowers; ancient Greeks and Romans dipped the stalks in tallow for funeral torches

   Lycopersicon esculentum cerasiforme, cherry tomato

   plant bearing small red to yellow fruit

   Jasmine tobacco, Nicotiana alata, flowering tobacco

   South American ornamental perennial having nocturnally fragrant greenish-white flowers

   Nicotiana tabacum, common tobacco

   tall erect South American herb with large ovate leaves and terminal clusters of tubular white or pink flowers; cultivated for its leaves

   Indian tobacco, Nicotiana rustica, wild tobacco

   tobacco plant of South America and Mexico

   Nicotiana glauca, mustard tree, tree tobacco

   evergreen South American shrub naturalized in United States; occasionally responsible for poisoning livestock

   Nierembergia repens, Nierembergia rivularis, whitecup

   prostrate woody South American herb with white tubular flowers often tinged with blue or rose

   Nierembergia frutescens, tall cupflower

   shrubby Chilean herb having bluish-white tubular flowers used as an ornamental

   Physalis pubescens, downy ground cherry, strawberry tomato

   decorative American annual having round fleshy yellow berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk

   Chinese lantern plant, Physalis alkekengi, bladder cherry, winter cherry

   Old World perennial cultivated for its ornamental inflated papery orange-red calyx

   Physalis peruviana, cape gooseberry, purple ground cherry

   annual of tropical South America having edible purple fruits

   Physalis pruinosa, dwarf cape gooseberry, strawberry tomato

   stout hairy annual of eastern North America with sweet yellow fruits

   Mexican husk tomato, Physalis ixocarpa, jamberry, tomatillo

   annual of Mexico and southern United States having edible purplish viscid fruit resembling small tomatoes

   Physalis philadelphica, jamberry, miltomate, purple ground cherry, tomatillo

   Mexican annual naturalized in eastern North America having yellow to purple edible fruit resembling small tomatoes

   Physalis viscosa, yellow henbane

   found on sea beaches from Virginia to South America having greenish-yellow flowers and orange or yellow berries

   Salpiglossis sinuata, painted tongue

   Chilean herb having velvety funnel-shaped yellowish or violet flowers with long tonguelike styles at the corolla throat

   wild parsley

   any of various uncultivated umbelliferous plants with foliage resembling that of carrots or parsley

   Angelica Archangelica, archangel, garden angelica

   a biennial cultivated herb; its stems are candied and eaten and its roots are used medicinally

   Angelica sylvestris, wild angelica

   European herb with compound leaves and white flowers; adventive on Cape Breton Island

   Astrantia major, greater masterwort

   European herb with aromatic roots and leaves in a basal tuft and showy compound umbels of white to rosy flowers

   whorled caraway

   a caraway with whorled leaves

   Foeniculum vulgare, common fennel

   strongly aromatic with a smell of aniseed; leaves and seeds used for seasoning

   Florence fennel, Foeniculum dulce, Foeniculum vulgare dulce

   grown especially for its edible aromatic bulbous stem base

   cultivated parsnip

   European biennial having a long fusiform root that has been made palatable through cultivation

   madnep, wild parsnip

   biennial weed in Europe and America having large pinnate leaves and yellow flowers and a bitter and somewhat poisonous root; the ancestor of cultivated parsnip

   Italian parsley, Petroselinum crispum neapolitanum, flat-leaf parsley

   a variety of parsley having flat leaves

   Hamburg parsley, Petroselinum crispum tuberosum, turnip-rooted parsley

   parsley with smooth leaves and enlarged edible taproot resembling a savory parsnip

   Sanicula arctopoides, footsteps-of-spring

   sanicle of northwestern United States and British Columbia having yellow flowers

   Sanicula bipinnatifida, purple sanicle

   sanicle of northwestern United States and British Columbia having yellow or red or purple flowers

   European sanicle, Sanicula Europaea

   sanicle of Europe and Asia having white to pale pink flowers

   Valerianella locusta, Valerianella olitoria, common corn salad, lamb's lettuce

   widely cultivated as a salad crop and pot herb; often a weed

   Peperomia argyreia, Peperomia sandersii, watermelon begonia

   grown as a houseplant for its silvery striped fleshy foliage; South America

   Asclepias albicans, white milkweed

   tall herb with leafless white waxy stems and whitish starlike flowers; southwestern United States

   Asclepias curassavica, blood flower, swallowwort

   tropical herb having orange-red flowers followed by pods suggesting a swallow with outspread wings; a weed throughout the tropics

   Asclepias exaltata, poke milkweed

   milkweed of the eastern United States with leaves resembling those of pokeweed

   Asclepias incarnata, swamp milkweed

   densely branching perennial of the eastern United States with white to crimson or purple flowers

   Asclepia meadii, Asclepias meadii, Mead's milkweed

   milkweed of central North America; a threatened species

   Asclepias purpurascens, purple silkweed

   perennial of eastern North America having pink-purple flowers

   Asclepias speciosa, showy milkweed

   milkweed of southern North America having large starry purple and pink flowers

   Asclepias subverticillata, horsetail milkweed, poison milkweed

   milkweed of southwestern United States and Mexico; poisonous to livestock

   Asclepias tuberosa, Indian paintbrush, butterfly weed, chigger flower, chiggerflower, orange milkweed, pleurisy root, tuber root

   erect perennial of eastern and southern United States having showy orange flowers

   Asclepias verticillata, whorled milkweed

   milkweed of the eastern United States with narrow leaves in whorls and greenish-white flowers

   Stapelias asterias

   stapelia of Cape Province having mostly dark red-brown flowers with flat starlike corollas

   type of:

   tracheophyte, vascular plant

   green plant having a vascular system: ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms